Apraksi Nedir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Apraksi; Herhangi bir g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck, normal olmayan ton veya post\u00fcr, bili\u015fsel i\u015flevlerde bozulmalar, anlamada azalma, koopere olamama gibi durumlar\u0131n haricinde, beceri gerektiren hareketlerin planlamas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lamamas\u0131 durumudur. Strok, demans, t\u00fcm\u00f6r gibi hastal\u0131klara ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak sol hemisferde meydana gelen hasardan kaynakl\u0131 olabilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. N\u00f6rolojik sendromlar\u0131n en az anla\u015f\u0131labilen bir konu\u015fma bozuklu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fididir. Apraksi; bireylerin g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131nda ciddi ya\u015famsal s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar yaratmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Apraksili bireyler:
Sesleri ve s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri do\u011fru \u00fcretmede zorluk ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r.
Ses ekleme, ses atma, seslerin yerini de\u011fi\u015ftirme g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
S\u00f6ylenmek istenilen s\u00f6zc\u00fck istenenden farkl\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00fcretilmektedir. (kap\u0131 yerine yap\u0131-pap\u0131 gibi)
S\u00f6zc\u00fck uzunlu\u011fu ya da t\u00fcmce uzunlu\u011fu artt\u0131k\u00e7a hata say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermektedir.
Duraklayarak ve yava\u015f konu\u015fma g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
Apraksili bireyler hatal\u0131 \u00fcretimlerinin fark\u0131ndad\u0131r.Bireyler hatalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in \u00e7aba sarf etmektedir.
Konu\u015fmadaki hatalar tutars\u0131zd\u0131r.
Do\u011fru ses \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in dil ve dudaklar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru pozisyona getirmeye \u00e7abalarlar fakat planlama g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri daha kolay s\u00f6yleyebilmektedirler.
Otomatik konu\u015fma daha ak\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir.
\u015eiddetli konu\u015fma apraksisi olan bireyler de konu\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Beyin hasar\u0131 sonucu etkilenen v\u00fccut b\u00f6lgesi ve\/veya spesifik beceriye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 apraksi tipleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130deomotor Apraksi: Motor hareketleri programlama ve tamamlamada bozukluk \u015feklinde kendini g\u00f6stermektedir.Bireyler bir eylemin nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayabilmektedir fakat eylemin nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steremekte g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck ya\u015famaktad\u0131rlar.Ama\u00e7l\u0131 motor hareket dizisinin s\u0131ras\u0131 bozulmaktad\u0131r. \u0130deomotor apraksi otomotik veya spontan hareketlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini engellemez, sadece istemli motor hareketlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki s\u0131ralamada bozulmalar g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; Eline tarak verip \u201csa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tara\u201d denildi\u011finde tarayamazlar ancak her sabah lavaboda sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 otomatik olarak tararlar.
\u0130deasyonel Apraksi: Bir eylemi kavramla\u015ft\u0131rma, eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan motor programlar\u0131 form\u00fcle etme, veya eylemi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde sonu\u00e7land\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in eylemin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini bellekte yeterince uzun s\u00fcre tutma ve mimiklerin ya da nesnelerin kullan\u0131m yetene\u011finin kayb\u0131yla ili\u015fkili bir apraksi t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu tip aprakside bireyler, basit ve izole hareketleri rahatl\u0131kla yaparken, karma\u015f\u0131k, s\u0131ral\u0131 hareket gerektiren eylemleri b\u00fct\u00fcn ve s\u0131raya uygun halde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremezler.\u00d6rne\u011fin; birey \u00f6nce ayakkab\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 giyip sonra \u00e7orab\u0131n\u0131 giymeye, tornavida ile yaz\u0131 yazmaya, di\u015f f\u0131r\u00e7as\u0131 ile sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 taramaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Limb-Kinetik Apraksi: \u0130stemli hareket s\u0131ras\u0131nda el, kol, bacak ve ayaklar\u0131n s\u0131ral\u0131 hareketlerinin programlamas\u0131ndaki bozukluk ya\u015fan\u0131lan apraksi t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Hareketin h\u0131z\u0131, hareket ak\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, inceli\u011fi kaybolmaktad\u0131r. Genellikle yap\u0131lan hareketlerin pandomimi ile de\u011ferlendirilmektedir; \u201cAsker selam\u0131 verme, anahtarla kilit a\u00e7ma, sa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 tarama vb.\u201d hareketleri hastan\u0131n yapmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. \u00d6zellikle inme, beyin travmas\u0131 veya Alzheimer hastal\u0131klar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlenen apraksi t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Oral Apraksi-Bukkofasiyal Apraksi: S\u00f6zel olmayan apraksi olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Komut \u00fczerine dudak, \u00e7ene, yanak ve dille ilgili istemli hareketleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmede zorluk ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r.Ki\u015filerden dudaklar\u0131n\u0131 yalamalar\u0131, \u00fcflemeleri, dili bir yandan di\u011fer yana hareket ettirmeleri, \u0131sl\u0131k \u00e7almalar\u0131, alt dudaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u0131s\u0131rmalar\u0131 istendi\u011finde bu hareketleri d\u00fczg\u00fcn bi\u00e7imde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmedikleri g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130stenen hareketleri yapabilmek i\u00e7in; \u00f6rne\u011fin a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru pozisyona getirmek i\u00e7in ellerinden yard\u0131m alabilirler ve \/veya hareketi ge\u00e7 tamamlayabilirler.Bireyler istenilen hareketin sadece bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yapabilirler ve\/veya gerekli olmayan ba\u015fka hareketler yapabilmektedirler. Spontan olan hareketleri zorlanmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin; bireye \u201c\u00f6p\u00fcc\u00fck yap\u201d denildi\u011finde g\u00f6revi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremezken, az sonra \u00e7ocu\u011funu \u00f6pmek istedi\u011finde dudaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygun bi\u00e7imde \u00f6p\u00fcc\u00fck pozisyonuna getirebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Apraksi Nedir? Apraksi Nedir? Apraksi; Herhangi bir g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck, normal olmayan ton veya post\u00fcr, bili\u015fsel i\u015flevlerde bozulmalar, anlamada azalma, koopere olamama […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":438,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dil-ve-konusma-terapisi"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kid-wear-soft-night-suit-child-cozy-sleepwear-brush-teeth-dental-health-beauty-oral-care_545934-24981.jpg",500,333,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kid-wear-soft-night-suit-child-cozy-sleepwear-brush-teeth-dental-health-beauty-oral-care_545934-24981-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kid-wear-soft-night-suit-child-cozy-sleepwear-brush-teeth-dental-health-beauty-oral-care_545934-24981-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kid-wear-soft-night-suit-child-cozy-sleepwear-brush-teeth-dental-health-beauty-oral-care_545934-24981.jpg",500,333,false],"large":["https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kid-wear-soft-night-suit-child-cozy-sleepwear-brush-teeth-dental-health-beauty-oral-care_545934-24981.jpg",500,333,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kid-wear-soft-night-suit-child-cozy-sleepwear-brush-teeth-dental-health-beauty-oral-care_545934-24981.jpg",500,333,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/kid-wear-soft-night-suit-child-cozy-sleepwear-brush-teeth-dental-health-beauty-oral-care_545934-24981.jpg",500,333,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Lina Dil","author_link":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/author\/lina-dil\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Apraksi Nedir? Apraksi Nedir? Apraksi; Herhangi bir g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fck, normal olmayan ton veya post\u00fcr, bili\u015fsel i\u015flevlerde bozulmalar, anlamada azalma, koopere olamama […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/368","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=368"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/368\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":539,"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/368\/revisions\/539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=368"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=368"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/linaterapistanbul.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=368"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Edinilmi\u015f konu\u015fma apraksisi tan\u0131lamas\u0131 bir Dil ve Konu\u015fma Terapistleri<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Edinilmi\u015f konu\u015fma apraksisi n\u00f6rolojik hasar sonucunda meydana gelmektedir.Dil ve konu\u015fma terapistleri<\/a>, de\u011ferlendirmede ilk \u00f6nce beyin hasar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015fabilecek dil, bili\u015f, ileti\u015fim ve yutma bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmektedir. Kas g\u00fcc\u00fc, tonus, spastisite, dil ve bili\u015fsel de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131larak hastada dizartri, afazi ya da bili\u015fsel bozuklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da yoklu\u011fu tan\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Konu\u015fma apraksisine e\u015flik eden di\u011fer apraksi tiplerini belirlemek i\u00e7in praksi becerilerinin de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Edinilmi\u015f konu\u015fma apraksisinde artik\u00fclasyon, konu\u015fma oran\u0131, prozodi ve konu\u015fma ak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. Tek heceli kelimelerin maksimum tekrar oran\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7 heceli maksimum tekrar oran\u0131 ile konu\u015fma oran\u0131, otomatik, spontan konu\u015fma ve okumada prozodi ve konu\u015fma ak\u0131c\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi edinilmi\u015f konu\u015fma apraksisinin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde temel y\u00f6ntemler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nEdinilmi\u015f Konu\u015fma Apraksisinde Konu\u015fma Terapisinde Neler Yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Edinilmi\u015f konu\u015fma apraksi terapisi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 tedavi akla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Terapi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 bireyin konu\u015fma apraksisi \u015fiddetine, bireyin \u00f6zelliklerine uygun olarak se\u00e7ilmektedir. B\u00fct\u00fcn terapi y\u00f6ntemlerinin temel amac\u0131, seslerin(harflerin) do\u011fru \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan motor programlaman\u0131n yeniden \u00f6\u011fretilmesini ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Edinilmi\u015f konu\u015fma apraksisi terapileri yo\u011fun, tekrarlay\u0131c\u0131 ve yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tedavi programlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Terapi seanslar\u0131nda hedefler basitten karma\u015f\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r. Terapilerde en \u00f6nemli nokta bireye konu\u015fma i\u00e7in gerekli hareketleri yeniden \u00f6\u011fretmek ve \u00f6\u011frenene kadar m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar hareketi \u00e7ok tekrar etmekten olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Edinilmi\u015f konu\u015fma apraksisine e\u015flik eden di\u011fer apraksi \u00e7e\u015fitleri var ise ergoterapistler ve fizyoterapistlerle birlikte multidisipliner terapi planlamalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n